Map layer: polygons — tm_polygons • tmap

Map layer that draws polygons. Supported visual variables are: fill (the fill color), col (the border color), lwd (line width), lty (line type), fill_alpha (fill color alpha transparency) and col_alpha (border color alpha transparency).

Usage

tm_polygons(
  fill = tm_const(),
  fill.scale = tm_scale(),
  fill.legend = tm_legend(),
  fill.free = NA,
  col = tm_const(),
  col.scale = tm_scale(),
  col.legend = tm_legend(),
  col.free = NA,
  lwd = tm_const(),
  lwd.scale = tm_scale(),
  lwd.legend = tm_legend(),
  lwd.free = NA,
  lty = tm_const(),
  lty.scale = tm_scale(),
  lty.legend = tm_legend(),
  lty.free = NA,
  fill_alpha = tm_const(),
  fill_alpha.scale = tm_scale(),
  fill_alpha.legend = tm_legend(),
  fill_alpha.free = NA,
  col_alpha = tm_const(),
  col_alpha.scale = tm_scale(),
  col_alpha.legend = tm_legend(),
  col_alpha.free = NA,
  linejoin = "round",
  lineend = "round",
  plot.order = tm_plot_order("AREA", reverse = FALSE, na.order = "bottom"),
  trans.args = list(polygons.only = "ifany"),
  mapping.args = list(),
  zindex = NA,
  group = NA,
  group.control = "check",
  popup.vars = NA,
  popup.format = list(),
  hover = "",
  id = "",
  ...
)

tm_fill(...)

tm_borders(col = tm_const(), ...)

Arguments

fill, fill.scale, fill.legend, fill.free: Visual variable that determines the fill color. See details.
col, col.scale, col.legend, col.free: Visual variable that determines the border color. See details.
lwd, lwd.scale, lwd.legend, lwd.free: Visual variable that determines the line width. See details.
lty, lty.scale, lty.legend, lty.free: Visual variable that determines the line type. See details.
fill_alpha, fill_alpha.scale, fill_alpha.legend, fill_alpha.free: Visual variable that determines the fill color alpha transparency See details.
col_alpha, col_alpha.scale, col_alpha.legend, col_alpha.free: Visual variable that determines the border color alpha transparency. See details.
linejoin, lineend: Line join and line end. See gpar() for details.
plot.order: Specification in which order the spatial features are drawn. See tm_plot_order() for details.
trans.args, mapping.args: lists that are passed on to internal transformation and mapping functions respectively.
zindex: Map layers are drawn on top of each other. The zindex numbers (one for each map layer) determines the stacking order. By default the map layers are drawn in the order they are called.
group: Name of the group to which this layer belongs. This is only relevant in view mode, where layer groups can be switched (see group.control)
group.control: In view mode, the group control determines how layer groups can be switched on and off. Options: "radio" for radio buttons (meaning only one group can be shown), "check" for check boxes (so multiple groups can be shown), and "none" for no control (the group cannot be (de)selected).
popup.vars: names of data variables that are shown in the popups in "view" mode. Set popup.vars to TRUE to show all variables in the shape object. Set popup.vars to FALSE to disable popups. Set popup.vars to a character vector of variable names to those those variables in the popups. The default (NA) depends on whether visual variables (e.g.fill) are used. If so, only those are shown. If not all variables in the shape object are shown.
popup.format: list of formatting options for the popup values. See the argument legend.format for options. Only applicable for numeric data variables. If one list of formatting options is provided, it is applied to all numeric variables of popup.vars. Also, a (named) list of lists can be provided. In that case, each list of formatting options is applied to the named variable.
hover: name of the data variable that specifies the hover labels
id: name of the data variable that specifies the indices of the spatial features. Only used for "view" mode.
...: to catch deprecated arguments from version < 4.0

Details

The visual variable arguments (e.g. col) can be specified with either a data variable name (e.g., a spatial vector attribute or a raster layer of the object specified in tm_shape()), or with a visual value (for col, a color is expected). Multiple values can be specified: in that case facets are created. These facets can be combined with other faceting data variables, specified with tm_facets().

The *.scale arguments determine the used scale to map the data values to visual variable values. These can be specified with one of the available tm_scale_*() functions. The default is specified by the tmap option (tm_options()) scales.var.

The *.legend arguments determine the used legend, specified with tm_legend(). The default legend and its settings are determined by the tmap options (tm_options()) legend. .

The *.free arguments determine whether scales are applied freely across facets, or shared. A logical value is required. They can also be specified with a vector of three logical values; these determine whether scales are applied freely per facet dimension. This is only useful when facets are applied (see tm_facets()). There are maximally three facet dimensions: rows, columns, and pages. This only applies for a facet grid (tm_facets_grid()). For instance, col.free = c(TRUE, FALSE, FALSE) means that for the visual variable col, each row of facets will have its own scale, and therefore its own legend. For facet wraps and stacks (tm_facets_wrap() and tm_facets_stack()) there is only one facet dimension, so the *.free argument requires only one logical value.

Examples

# load Africa country data
data(World)
Africa = World[World$continent == "Africa", ]
Africa_border = sf::st_make_valid(sf::st_union(sf::st_buffer(Africa, 0.001))) # slow and ugly

# without specifications
tm_shape(Africa_border) + tm_polygons()

tm_shape(Africa_border) + tm_fill()

tm_shape(Africa_border) + tm_borders()


# specification with visual variable values
tm_shape(Africa) + 
  tm_polygons(fill = "limegreen", col = "purple", lwd = 3, lty = "solid", col_alpha = 0.3) +
tm_shape(Africa_border) +
  tm_borders("darkred", lwd = 4)


# specification with a data variable
tm_shape(Africa) +
  tm_polygons(fill = "income_grp", fill.scale = tm_scale_categorical(values = "tol.muted"))


# continuous color scale with landscape legend
tm_shape(Africa) +
  tm_polygons(fill = "inequality", 
    fill.scale = tm_scale_continuous(values = "kovesi.rainbow_bu_pk"),
    fill.legend = tm_legend(
      title = "", orientation = "landscape",
      position = tm_pos_out("center", "bottom"), frame = FALSE
      )) + 
  tm_title("Inequality index", position = tm_pos_in("right", "TOP"), frame = FALSE) +
  tm_layout(frame = FALSE)


tm_shape(World) +
  tm_polygons(tm_mv("inequality", "well_being"))
#> Labels abbreviated by the first letters, e.g.: "2 to 3" => "2"


####################################
########## v3 ######################
####################################

tmap_style("v3")
#> tmap style set to "v3"
#> other available styles are: "white", "gray", "natural", "cobalt", "albatross", "classic", "gray_v3", "grey_v3", "natural_v3", "cobalt_v3", "albatross_v3", "classic_v3" 

data(World)

# Constant fill
tm_shape(World) + tm_fill("darkolivegreen3") + tm_format("World", title="A green World")
#> Warning: The 'title' argument of 'tm_format()' is deprecated as of tmap 4.0. Please use 'tm_title()' instead.


# Borders only
tm_shape(World) + tm_borders()


# Data variable containing color values
World$isNLD = ifelse(World$name=="Netherlands", "darkorange", "darkolivegreen3")
tm_shape(World) +
  tm_fill("isNLD") +
  tm_layout("Find the Netherlands!")


tm_shape(World, projection = "+proj=eck4") +
  tm_polygons("economy", title="Economy", id="name") +
  tm_text("iso_a3", size="AREA", scale=1.5) +
  tm_format("World")
#> Warning: The 'projection' argument of 'tm_shape()' is deprecated as of tmap 4.0. Pleaes use 'crs' instead.
#> Deprecated tmap v3 code detected. Code translated to v4
#> Deprecated tmap v3 code detected. Code translated to v4


# Numeric data variable
tm_shape(World, projection = "+proj=eck4") +
  tm_polygons("HPI", palette="RdYlGn", style="cont", n=8,
        title="Happy Planet Index", id="name") +
  tm_text("iso_a3", size="AREA", scale=1.5) +
  tm_style("grey") +
  tm_format("World")
#> Warning: The 'projection' argument of 'tm_shape()' is deprecated as of tmap 4.0. Pleaes use 'crs' instead.
#> Deprecated tmap v3 code detected. Code translated to v4
#> Deprecated tmap v3 code detected. Code translated to v4


if (FALSE) {
  data(NLD_prov, NLD_muni)  
  # Map coloring algorithm
  tm_shape(NLD_prov) +
    tm_fill("name", legend.show = FALSE) +
    tm_shape(NLD_muni) +
    tm_polygons("MAP_COLORS", palette="Greys", alpha = .25) +
    tm_shape(NLD_prov) +
    tm_borders(lwd=2) +
    tm_text(I("name"), col = "white", shadow=TRUE) +
    tm_format("NLD", title="Dutch provinces and\nmunicipalities", bg.color="white")
  
  # Cartogram
  if (require(cartogram)) {
    NLD_prov_pop <- cartogram(NLD_prov, "population")
    tm_shape(NLD_prov_pop) +
      tm_polygons("origin_non_west", title = "Non-western origin (%)")
  }
}

# TIP: check out these examples in view mode, enabled with tmap_mode("view")